New Testament Essay Example for Free

New Testament Essay For all readers of the New Testament, the theme of the redemption of man through the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ is fascinating reading; in the case of the believer in the word of God, it is something else entirely. Believers and scholars alike agree that Paul’s letters to the Romans embody the theme of justification, or God’s gift of grace by which the truly repentant are forgiven of sins and accepted by God because of the price that Christ paid by dying on the cross. Implicit in the concept of justification is the identification of Jesus Christ as the Son of God (Cullmann). In this essay, the concept of justification will be more closely examined; within two specific chapters of Romans, 4 and 5, justification will be discussed and examined in order to better understand the concept as well as these pivotal chapters of the New Testament itself. In order to better understand the significance of Romans, one must first consider the historical context in which its ideas were shared by the faithful. Most people governed their actions, and defined their worth, through the laws of the day, which ruled all aspects of life. Within Romans, however, the concept of justification by faith alone, not the law (Perrin Duling) set the conventional order askew. This concept alone undoubtedly opened the eyes of many people to the refreshing possibility of redemption through the one true God. Those who read these words were introduced to the writings of the apostle Paul, who presented himself in the New Testament as â€Å"a slave of the Messiah, Jesus Christ† (Bryan), the word slave being used not Order#311114061 Justification Pg. 2 in the conventional sense of bondage and harsh servitude, but rather in a way that allowed those who sought God to come to Him without fear of punishment. The concept of coming to God for justification is personified in Romans through 2 specific verses, as follows: Now to the one who works, his wage is not reckoned as a favor, but as what is due. ROMANS 4-4 But to the one who does not work, but believes in Him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is reckoned as righteousness ROMANS 4-5 What these verses tell the reader is that their submission to God, while it will benefit them, is not something that He considers to be optional; moreover, belief in God will lead to redemption because of justification. Beyond the explicit text of justification within Romans, there are also some key themes of justification within it that reinforce the overall concept. Specifically, when Romans calls the people to â€Å"lift up their hearts†, this is an outright plea for people to embrace justification (Knox). The bottom line in justification is peace with God and salvation through the Holy Spirit, and by the lifting up of the heart, one can attain inner peace and security in the warmth of God’s love. This peace and security is described as being â€Å"clothed in the righteousness of Christ† (Harink), and is further clarified by this passage: â€Å"therefore, being justified by faith, we have peace with God† ROMANS 5-1. While this brief essay can hardly scratch the surface of the promise of the New Testament and the gift of justification from God to the Pg. 3 human race because of the sacrifice of Jesus Christ, one thing is for certain. For the faithful, the redemption from sin by God is a priceless gift, and the New Testament is a rock upon which the hopes of Christians can be bolstered today, tomorrow, and forever. As long as humans walk the face of the earth and beyond, God will be there for them and His words are eternal. Works Cited Bryan, C. (2000). A Preface to Romans: Notes on the Epistle in Its Literary and Cultural Setting. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved June 22, 2006, from Questia database: http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=96373444 Cullmann, O. (1963). The Christology of the New Testament (Guthrie, S. C. Hall, C. A. , Trans. ) (Revised ed. ). Philadelphia: Westminster Press. Retrieved June 22, 2006, from Questia database: http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=95085143 Harink, D. (2005, June 14). Setting It Right: Doing Justice to Justification. The Christian Century, 122, 20+. Retrieved June 22, 2006, from Questia database: http://www.questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=5009653212 Knox, J. (1961). Life in Christ Jesus: Reflections on Romans, 5-8. Greenwich, CT: Seabury Press. Retrieved June 22, 2006, from Questia database: http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=13880819 Perrin, N. , Duling, D. C. (1982). The New Testament, an Introduction: Proclamation and Parenesis, Myth and History (2nd ed. ). San Diego, CA: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Retrieved June 22, 2006, from Questia database: http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=59589847

Risk Assessment Research Health And Social Care Essay

Risk Assessment Research Health And Social Care Essay Risk assessment of the potential of violence to self or others has been accepted as a core element of clinical practice in psychiatric forensic community and private clinical environmental settings (Stedman et al., (2000). Risk assessment increases the ability to understand an individuals potential for violent behaviour, assists the individual to change and for organisations to better allocate limited resources to more effective treatment programs (Snowden et al., 2009). There is a significant correlation between substance abuse, psychiatric disorders, non-compliance with medication and the likelihood of aggressive behaviour amongst those with significant mental illness (Daffern et al., 2002). The link between medication noncompliance, violence and the effect medication noncompliance has on the over use of alcohol and other substances needs to be taken into account in conducting a risk assessment (Swartz et al., 1998). Daffern (2002), highlights the need for clinicians to be aware of the link between aggressive behaviours, the influence other environments and personal interactions outside of the hospital situation have on the patient and the need to take this into account when developing any risk assessment plan. There needs to be considerable care taken in developing a risk management plan to ensure that the plan does not focus on control and moves away from the primary goal of management (Heilbrun, 1997). Case Study Risk Assessment Plan James presents with three main issues that need to be focused on in the risk assessment plan. James has ongoing symptoms that would appear to indicate schizophrenia, but a more detailed assessment will need to be conducted. James has issues related to his aggressive behaviour towards others when he feels overwhelmed by his delusion schizophrenia symptoms. The first indicator of these symptoms was when he was 21 and believed he was being watched by cameras at his place of work. James reports that this delusional belief resulted in James assaulting a co worker and that police were involved and he was subsequent hospitalised. James reports twice assaulting his father when he believed his father was in his head. The James also reports a history of using illicit drugs since his early teens at high school. James reports that his marijuana use has been regular since early teens and he has on occasions misused prescription drug Valium. In adulthood, James reports use of beer and vodka has go ne from weekend binge drinking to regular four to five days a week of heavy use of beer and spirits. James also reports his tobacco use has been regular since early teens and has increased to heavy use of 30 cigarettes a day over the last 12 months. This last 12-month period also is reported by James as a period where he has increased significantly his abuse of alcohol and marijuana. From James presentation during the interview, it would be reasonable to assume that he is minimising he level of substance use. Another issue that influences James symptoms and behaviours is the noncompliance with prescribed medication, which needs to be addressed in the overall risk assessment plan (Swartz et al., 1998). Aggression Antonius et al. (2010), highlights the value of risk assessment as a valuable tool to assist the clinician to predict and prevent future violence and to improve current treatment and management protocols. Howells (1996), postulates that it is not possible to eliminate all risks of violence by forensic mental health patients, but therapeutic programs can be effective in changing violent behaviours. Although James level of violence would appear, from his self-report, to be on the lower level of violence, there appears to be in recent time a sense within James that he is becoming overwhelmed in the last 12months. This is indicated by not only what he says but also his use of substances, alcohol and tobacco usage has increased significantly in the last 12 months.. The potential for committing acts that are more violent can also be assumed to be increasing. Snowden et al. (2009), found that the testing with the Classification of Violence Risk (COVR) showed good validity when attempting to assess the risk of violence amongst patients with a history of violence and mental health issues. However, Snowden (2009), also warns that the COVR test requires information from patient files as well as patient self-report, and test results may be affected by the patient who minimises their history or violence, and the lack of access to the patients file. In this case, James presents as guarded in his answers to many questions and clearly only wanted to be out of the hospital, hence there would be a high probability of James minimising his level of violent behaviour. The mention that the police were still outside would give an indicator that they may have more knowledge of James past level of violence. Doing a clinical interview to assess the level of risk without the patients file, as was occurring in this instance, would appear unwise and places the interview into a clinical interview format with low predictor validity (Steadman et al., 2000). The quality of the information that the person conducting the risk assessment has access to, will determine the effectiveness of the risk assessment process (Heilbrun, 1997). Actuarial risk assessments have been found to be significantly more valid in predicting violence than unstructured clinical interviews (Steadman et al.,2000). Hilton et al., (2001), argues that risk assessment of disordered offenders with a history of violence requires the use of actuarial assessment tools to enable a valid indicator in relation to danger to self or others. Howells (1996), argues the benefits of ensure risk management plans requires the individual to attend some form of anger management program, to assist the individual to learn more functional strategies for dealing with their current frustrations. Buchanan (2008), highlights the need for those conducting a risk assessment to be aware of the casual connection between mental disorder and violence. There needs to be more information obtained other than the basic demographic information of age, race, gender and relationship status, which should include family environment, history of victimisation of client, how a client spends their day all of which have been found to correlate with mental illness and violence (Buchanan, 2008). Substance Abuse and Non-compliance with Medication Swartz et al., (1998), found in their study that a combination of substance abuse history and a history of non-compliance with medication, either recent or long term, was found to have a significant association with violent behaviour. Swartz et al. (1998), also made the observation of a correlation between an individual with limited personal insight combined with poor understanding of their illness and role of medication. This non-compliance with medication may not be deliberate behaviour by the individual as non-compliance and substance abuse may be mutually reinforcing which results in self-medicating with alcohol and substances. James would appear to have been self-medicating for many years with a self-reported significant increase in approximately the last 12 months. James reports the misuse of prescription medication Valium at various times. James would appear to view medication as only effective if it gives an immediate reaction and would need to have medication education as pa rt of formulating an effective risk assessment/risk management plan. Any risk management plan for James would also need to incorporate a community based specialised out patient program focused on treating dually diagnosed mental illness clients (Swartz et al., 1988). Research shows a high level of co morbidity between those suffering from a mental illness such as schizophrenia and substance abuse and violent behaviour (Daffern et al., 2002). Mental Illness Although James has admitted to no serious violent acts, his history of symptoms of schizophrenia with delusions elements would have to taken as a warning of potential risk to self or others. James reports that, in the last 12 months he has been finding it increasing difficult to cope. James presents as not having insight into his mental illness, and not wanting to be compliant in any medical treatment. Taylor (1998), found in her research that of the 309 people with psychosis who had killed, the large majority (75%) were deluded at the time of their offence (p49). Patient presentation must be observed carefully when assessing risk of violence apart from the obvivious features of psychosis that may be present, but also delusions may produce symptoms of anxiety or depression and delusions can indicate the patients inability to make or maintain relationships and history of violence (Taylor, 1998). James states during his interview that his illness had caused a break up of a past relatio nship and as a result had not been in a relationship for 3 years when he had to move back to live with his parents. Rogers (2000), makes mention of the need to take into account when conducting a risk assessment not only the risk factors but the protective factors, which are factors that may reduce maladaptive behaviours on the individual. In the case of James, he appears to have a closer connection to his mother than he does with his father. However, his mother would seem to be very passive and his fathers more dominate. James mother may well have a significant impact on James being more complaint with medication, if her assistance was incorporated into a risk management plan. Her participation in the management plan may well assist James to remain compliant with medication and assist in harm minimisation strategies in relation to alcohol and tobacco use by James. Swartz et al., (1988), also advised to be aware when doing a risk assessment on a patient exhibiting non compliance with medication and substance abuse that the patient may have some underlying personality traits that may need testing f or. James does not present as a threat to himself and reports no past history of self-harming behaviours and denies any current thought of self-harming ideation. However, James current file is not available to the interviewer and it would be unwise to accept James own statement as to his current mental state. James presents as depressed, agitated, reactive and extremely frustrated which would require the potential of self-harm to be incorporated for monitoring in any risk assessment, especially if he is kept in hospital for further psychiatric assessment. Douglas et al., (2009), reports that suicide/self-harm is a risk factor when the patient has a history of schizophrenia, violence and substance abuse. Close observation of James during the interview shows that he would go into a rocking motion on numerous occasions, did not maintain good eye contact with the interviewer and indicated a number of times his level of frustration about the time he had waited and not liking hospitals. The pr obability would be that James would be kept in the psychiatric ward of the hospital for 72 hours to allow for a complete psychiatric assessment to ascertain his level of threat to himself or his father. Often people with the current presentation, clinical history and violence of James have a higher potential to assault others especially family members, which further tends to alienate them from their remaining family support (Douglas et al., 2009). Conclusion Rogers (2000) warns that risk only evaluations are inherently inaccurate (p598), which may have consequences on the client by labelling the client as violent. We must also work towards a standardised definition of risk assessment. The New Zealand Mental Health Commission (1998) defines risk assessment as a risk to the progression of symptoms of the illness, risk of the individual intentionally self-harming, the risk of self-harm that was not done intentionally and the risk of causing harm to others either by intent or as a result of risk taking behaviours. Crowe (2003), raises the issue of the need for a more specific defining of risk in the context of risk assessment and risk management. The debate in between health professionals as to whether clinical or actuarial assessment provides a higher level or risk assessment and hence reduces the risk of harm to others as well as the patient continues to be debated. Doyle et al., (2002), reports that although actuarial assessments is shown as statistically superior to unstructured risk assessment techniques, actuarial assessment focuses on static factors and misses dynamic factors such as treatment non-compliance, family dynamics, poor impulse control and substance abuse. Rogers (2000), reports that parents who are more accepting and hence understanding of the patients mental illness has been found to be a strong protective factor to assist the patient. There appears to be a need for further research to develop a more integrated approach to risk assessment to ensure a more standardised process is implemented. The risk management of violent behaviours is a complex process and requires a multidisciplinary approach that needs to focus on social, psychological and medical aspects of the individual (Howells, 1996). In the case of James, any risk management program must be approached from the broader perspective to achieve beneficial for James in the long term. Hilton et al., (2001), suggests that as demand for more valid risk assessment outcomes increase in relation to forensic mental health patients that actuarial assessment will be incorporated as an important part of the risk assessment process.

William Goldings Lord of the Flies :: Essays Papers

Lord of the Flies Summary One fact about this book should be established from the start - this is not a children's book. The "littluns" and "bigguns" represent members of the human race. The conflict between law and barbarism would have, I believe to be the same had the island been inhabited with adult survivors instead of children. The novel is about a transition from an immensely exciting adventure of some children, to what eventually becomes full-scale war, ending with the arrival of the naval officer who rescued them. Tough I still wonder if they were really saved, considering the atomic war which, at that time was still raging around the globe. The book begins by introducing the two of the characters - Ralph and Piggy. Ralph finds a conch (a shell shaped in such a way that when blown it will sound) and blows it, summoning the rest of the boys, who were on the aeroplane and survived the crash. Last to arrive are the choir, who are described as a "black catterpillar moving along the beach." On closer examination is is found that there is a wide variance in the age of the boys, from about 6 to 12 years of age. From here on in the book the younger boys are simply referred to as the "littluns" and the older boys as "bigguns" although the younger children are referred to more collectively in the story. Ralph is elected chief of the group and his first action is for Jack, Simon and himself to go on a scout to check if the island is really and island or is attached to anything else, they find that it is an island and return to the rest of the boys. It is decided at the meeting held by Ralph that people should only be allowed to speak at meetings if they have possession of the conch, thus giving the conch a special power to the boys. It is also decided that the choir should become hunters for food, with Jack (the choir leader) in charge of them. Above all this though is the importance of a fire being lit and staying alight night and day for a ship to see and hopefully rescue them. At this point a small boy comes forward and tells the boys that he saw a monster which he calls a "beastie" in the woods.

Masculinity in Deliverance by James Dickey Essay -- Establishment of M

Masculinity in Deliverance by James Dickey The novel Deliverance by James Dickey portrays the essence of middle-aged men experiencing the mid-life crisis through which they must prove to themselves and more importantly every one else that they still possess the strength, bravery, intelligence, and charm believed to be society's ideal of "masculinity." Dickey's four main characters undertake a risky adventure to satisfy their egotistical complexes and prove to the world that they are still the strong young men their wives married. Each character represents a different stereotype of the middle-aged man, and therefore experiences a different type of psychological and physical journey than their peers. The character Drew Ballinger in Deliverance is a sales supervisor at a soft-drink company who is very devoted to his son and his job. Drew is the character who represents the middle-aged man's desire for talent and attention. Drew plays the guitar and his music is his true companion. Without having any talent, as he would be the first to tell you, Drew played mighty well, through sheer devotion.(Dickey, 11) For Drew the highlight of this trip is his duo with Lonnie, an uneducated banjo player. Drew obviously finds this the most exhilarating part of the adventure in that he is the center of attention and is playing very well with a talented young man. I had never heard him play so well, and I really began to listen deeply, moved as an unmusical person is moved when he sees that the music is meant†¦.I could not see Drew's face, but the back of his neck was sheer joy†¦I was glad for Drew's sake that we had come. Jus... ...ecame a possession to me, a personal, private possession, as nothing else in my life ever had. Now it ran nowhere but in my head, but there it ran as though immortally. I could feel it - I can feel it - on different places on my body. It pleases me in some curious way that the river does not exist, and that I have it. In me it still is, and will be until I die, green, rocky, deep, fast, slow and beautiful beyond reality†¦The river underlies†¦everything that I do. It is always finding a way to serve me†¦(Dickey, 275-6) Thus, Ed is the protagonist and hero of Deliverance. It is through this perilous voyage that Drew, Bobby, Lewis, and Ed undertake, that they prove their "masculinity," or lack there of, to themselves and to the society in which they live. Works Cited Dickey, James Deliverance. 1970. New York: Dell Publishing, 1994. Masculinity in Deliverance by James Dickey Essay -- Establishment of M Masculinity in Deliverance by James Dickey The novel Deliverance by James Dickey portrays the essence of middle-aged men experiencing the mid-life crisis through which they must prove to themselves and more importantly every one else that they still possess the strength, bravery, intelligence, and charm believed to be society's ideal of "masculinity." Dickey's four main characters undertake a risky adventure to satisfy their egotistical complexes and prove to the world that they are still the strong young men their wives married. Each character represents a different stereotype of the middle-aged man, and therefore experiences a different type of psychological and physical journey than their peers. The character Drew Ballinger in Deliverance is a sales supervisor at a soft-drink company who is very devoted to his son and his job. Drew is the character who represents the middle-aged man's desire for talent and attention. Drew plays the guitar and his music is his true companion. Without having any talent, as he would be the first to tell you, Drew played mighty well, through sheer devotion.(Dickey, 11) For Drew the highlight of this trip is his duo with Lonnie, an uneducated banjo player. Drew obviously finds this the most exhilarating part of the adventure in that he is the center of attention and is playing very well with a talented young man. I had never heard him play so well, and I really began to listen deeply, moved as an unmusical person is moved when he sees that the music is meant†¦.I could not see Drew's face, but the back of his neck was sheer joy†¦I was glad for Drew's sake that we had come. Jus... ...ecame a possession to me, a personal, private possession, as nothing else in my life ever had. Now it ran nowhere but in my head, but there it ran as though immortally. I could feel it - I can feel it - on different places on my body. It pleases me in some curious way that the river does not exist, and that I have it. In me it still is, and will be until I die, green, rocky, deep, fast, slow and beautiful beyond reality†¦The river underlies†¦everything that I do. It is always finding a way to serve me†¦(Dickey, 275-6) Thus, Ed is the protagonist and hero of Deliverance. It is through this perilous voyage that Drew, Bobby, Lewis, and Ed undertake, that they prove their "masculinity," or lack there of, to themselves and to the society in which they live. Works Cited Dickey, James Deliverance. 1970. New York: Dell Publishing, 1994.

Masculine and Feminine Perspectives in Virginia Woolfs To The Lighthou

Masculine and Feminine Perspectives in To the Lighthouse      Ã‚  Ã‚   Although subjectivity and objectivity are both constantly at work in today's society, the two concepts have opposite meanings.   We can categorize subjectivity as a quality that dominates the female persona, whereas objectivity is clearly the tool of the male.   Woolf represents these two opposing views in the form of characters.   During the course of a conversation concerning the weather, Mr. Ramsay and Mr. Tansley completely sever logic from emotion and concentrate only on the facts surrounding the matter.   They believe that life can be empirically cut up into millions of facts and truths.   Mrs. Ramsay, on the other hand, believes that empirical data and personal subjectivity should be viewed together and with equal importance.   Mr. Ramsay and Mr. Tansley represent the masculine worldview concerning facts and feelings, and Mrs. Ramsay represents the feminine worldview.   In this novel, Woolf is not arguing to do away with empiricism completely, she si mply believes it should be considered along with subjectivity.   Mrs. Ramsay fights against the hopelessness that empiricism brought and seeks to weave her own worldview, hoping to win James. And because Mr. Ramsay boldly asserts that this perception of the world is "the folly of women's minds" (31), places this novel not just on a level of critiquing worldviews, but worldviews as perceived through gender.   This essay will argue that the feminine worldview, presented by Mrs. Ramsay in To the Lighthouse, is the most virtuous perception because it seeks a balance ... ...her people's feelings . . . was to her so horrible an outrage of human decency that . . . there was nothing to be said" (31-32).   Mrs. Ramsay produces the most virtuous worldview because she accepted empiricism and made room for hope and considered other people's feelings.    Works Cited and Consulted: Gilbert, Sandra M. and Gubar, Susan. No Man's Land, Volume 3,: Letters From the Front. London: Yale University Press, 1994. Latham, Jacqueline, ed. Critics on Virginia Woolf. Florida: University of Miami Press, 1970. O'Brien Schaefer, Josephine. The Three-fold Nature of Reality in the Novels of Virginia Woolf. The Hague: Mouton and Co., 1965, pp. 111-13, 118-25. Woolf, Virginia. To the Lighthouse. Introduction by D.M. Hoare, Ph.D. London: J.M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1960

Ap Us Dbq Progressive Essay

The years between 1900 and 1920 were known as the Progressive Era. During this time period, the United States experienced reforms by the people and reforms brought about by the federal government at a national level. There were many issues during this time period like child labor, the formation of trusts and monopolies, bad working conditions, and mistreatment of the working class. The efforts to reform these issues were either completely unsuccessful or successful with limitations. One of the issues that occurred during this time was the horrible working and unsanitary conditions in factories. A factory that particularly stood out was the meat packing industry. The dirty and disgusting conditions caused people to get sick and die of various diseases. Things like this caused the emergence of Muckrakers, reporters that worked to expose the true story. An example of this was Upton Sinclair and his novel â€Å"The Jungle†, that warned Americans about the horrors of the meat packing industry. This kind of exposure led to reforms, like the formations of the FDA that would check factories for sanitary conditions (Document B). Another thing that people felt needed to be reformed was child labor. Most children barely got a school education, and went straight to work in factories in order to help support their families. Because this kind of lifestyle was inevitable for many children, reformers passed laws to set a minimal age for when children can begin to work(Document C). However, laws like this were minimally successful because children would go to school until the new minimum age that they could, and then continue to drop out in order to work in factories. Another reform that was greatly focused on during this time period was the women’s rights movement. Women fought for the right and ability to get more involved in outside life and government (Document H). One of the largest successes during this time was the ratification of the 19th Amendment which gave women the right to vote. It is now very clear that the people worked to help bring about reform; however, the federal government also brought about reform at a national level during this time period. In his speech, Theodore Roosevelt brought about the reform of direct election of senators. This meant that the people would now be able to directly elect their senators in the same way that they elect their president. This was a successful reform because it stuck with the American people from 1912, when this speech was given, until now. There were some laws that were passed by the federal government that weren’t very successful when it came to reform. For example, the Clayton Antitrust Act that was against the creation of trusts and monopolies. It wanted to kill competition by declaring that things shouldn’t be different prices because that leads to competition, which ultimately leads to the destruction of small businesses and the creation of monopolies. The law made sense when it came to getting rid of monopolies, but it was unsuccessful because of its idea to kill competition (Document E). On top of that, with these new laws, the federal government couldn’t differentiate between good trusts and bad trusts, so they ended up destroying all of them (Document A). The Hammer v. Dagenhart case particularly stood out during this time period. It argued about whether the government should be able to control interstate commerce and transportation of products made by the labor of overworked children under the age of sixteen. The final ruling transcended the authority delegated to Congress over commerce by the Constitution (Document G). All in all, the period from 1900- 1920 was an era of reform and that’s why it is known as the Progressive Era. The people brought about reforms when it came to child labor, exposing the truth about factories, and women’s rights. The federal government also brought about reforms about monopolies, labor, education, and much more. However these reforms were successful with certain limitations. For example, when it came to trusts, the government killed all of them whether they were good or bad. As Herbert Croly believed, President Wilson was a smart man but he was not thinking realistically. The national government can’t just pass a few laws of reform and expect all of society’s ills to be healed. Society needs more laws with stricter enforcement in order to provide a truly successful period of reform (Document F).

How you Responded to the End of the Story ‘Lord of the Flies’ Essay

I am going to explain how I responded to the end of the story, ‘Lord of the Flies’. When Golding wrote, ‘Lord of the Flies’ his views on the world were not very good. When he came out of the Second World War he said that much of what he saw could not be accounted for â€Å"except on the basis of original evil†. What he means is the evil that is already within all human beings. During the ending, Ralph is being hunted down by Jack and the rest of the savages. In this part you seem to be in the mind of Ralph where you learn and understand what he is going through. You can see that Ralph is rushed for time and cannot think because he knows that at any moment on of the hunters could spot him, â€Å"If only one had time to think†. You can understand and feel how scared Ralph is because every time he hears a sound he is very anxious and wonders if it is a savage or just a pig or a bird. The style of the language seems to almost change its tempo as you read it. At one time everything is slow and still. Then it changes and Ralph is rushing about for a hiding place so he cannot be seen. For example, â€Å"he flung himself down by some ferns†. Another thing that changes is the sound of the forest on the Island. Some times it is really quiet and then everything becomes suddenly loud. For example, â€Å"curious trickling sounds†¦. the roar of the forest rose to thunder†. Before the Naval Officer turns up on the beach a lot of the scenery is very violent with flames all around â€Å"the fire flapped at his right shoulder†. Then, as soon as Ralph notices him, everything like man hunting and murders seem so trivial. The Officer thinks that they were just having â€Å"fun and games†. He does not realise what was going on whilst the boys were stranded on this Island. Also once the Officer arrives the language seems to come from his point of view. At first, when the children arrive on the Island they make laws and elect a leader. Everyone seems happy and they are all enjoying the environment of being on their own without any adults to tell them what they should be doing. For example, Ralph says in the first chapter â€Å"No grown-ups†, which he thinks is a good thing. As the novel goes on things start to break down. The rule of the conch begins to be ignored; acts of destruction are being seen and two sides form. Jack’s side whom just want to hunt for meat and play games â€Å"we want meat†. Then there’s Ralph’s side that are making shelters and are trying to find a way off the Island â€Å"If it rains like when we dropped in we’ll need shelters†. One of the ways they tried to get off the Island was by using a fire to create smoke on the top of the mountain. They started it by using Piggy’s glasses, † His specs-use them as burning glasses†. Later the Islands conditions deteriorated even more by the death’s of Simon and then Piggy. At this stage Ralph only has Samneric to turn to. Even they are taken onto the side of the savages, â€Å"they made us-we couldn’t help it†. All these things happen and then they end up hunting Ralph himself, â€Å"They’re going to do you†. Ralph, at the end of the novel was frightened and felt as though he was a hunted animal. All of the savages thought that he was the person in the wrong because he did not follow Jack. He was going to be treated like a 17th century criminal in the way they wanted to put his head on a post like the pigs, † Roger sharpened a stick at both ends†. Ralph had now lost his leadership to the evil of Jack. Jack was now in charge with his own savage society. â€Å"Roger spoke†¦. Chief†. Roger was still evil and was like Jack’s right-hand man. He was the second most important person in the savage tribe. He was really evil right from the start from when he knocked the small children’s sand castles over. Samneric in this play stand for the rest of the people in the world. The way they are easily persuaded to change sides so that they don’t get hurt and don’t stick up for what is right â€Å"they made us†. Simon seems to stand for all good. He seems to represent Jesus Christ in this microcosm. ‘The Lord of the Flies’ represents all evil like Jack and Roger. It is like the Devil. Also the Island that represents the world in the microcosm has two sides. The first is the Lagoon, which is all nice and calm or good, and then the other side of the Island, which is all rough, open sea representing evil. The ending of ‘Lord of the Flies’ is quite abrupt. At one point Ralph is running in a mad rush. Then he seen the Naval Officer and everything calmed down and didn’t seem as bad. The Officer seems to represent sanity and brings the children back to civilisation. After this they were taken off the Island. The Officer said, â€Å"We’ll take you off†. I think this ending is quite good therefore because it shows that among all of the violence in this microcosm, it is just the same in the real world, just on a smaller scale. When the Officer rescues them it shows hope for the World. So after reading the end ‘Lord of the Flies’; linking it to the atmosphere at the start of the story and how Ralph managed to get out of it. I have realised that the ending of the novel is good and true to real life. At the time it was written and now.